{"id":38531,"date":"2026-07-23T14:49:05","date_gmt":"2026-07-23T11:49:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/?p=38531"},"modified":"2026-07-23T14:49:05","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T11:49:05","slug":"%ce%b3%ce%ac%ce%bb%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%bf%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%bf%cf%8d%cf%81%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b8%ce%b5%cf%83%cf%83%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%bd%ce%af%ce%ba%ce%b7-%cf%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/?p=38531","title":{"rendered":"\u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1204 \u2013 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Lo reiesme de Salonic<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Ses peirier e ses manganel<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Pogratz aver e maint castel<\/em><br \/>\n<em>D\u2019 autres qu\u2019 ieu no mentau ni dic.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Elias Cairel, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 13\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>H 4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-38532\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?resize=300%2C270&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?resize=300%2C270&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?resize=370%2C333&amp;ssl=1 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?resize=270%2C243&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?resize=335%2C300&amp;ssl=1 335w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/images.jpg?w=471&amp;ssl=1 471w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/>\u03a4\u03bf \u039c\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1201 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 Thibaud III de Champagne (\u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 o 3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf Bonifacio I dell\u2019 Monferrato (1150-1207, \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf 1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2). \u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u0394\u03b5\u03ba\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bf \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u0384 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u0399\u03c3\u03b1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf \u0392\u2019 \u0386\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03c9\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c6\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u03c3\u03b1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5) \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b9\u03bf \u0393\u0384 \u0386\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf. \u039f \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 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\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u0394\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7 Enrico Dandolo (\u0395\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bf \u0394\u03ac\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 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\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u0396\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0396\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf \u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0394\u0384 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 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\u0394\u03b5\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0397\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u0399\u03c3\u03b1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u2019 \u0391\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5. \u039f \u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1207.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_38533\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38533\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-38533 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=770%2C479&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?w=1280&amp;ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=300%2C187&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=1024%2C638&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=768%2C478&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=370%2C230&amp;ssl=1 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=270%2C168&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=570%2C355&amp;ssl=1 570w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ConquestOfConstantinopleByTheCrusadersIn1204.jpg?resize=740%2C461&amp;ssl=1 740w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-38533\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0397 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 (1204)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 12\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 13\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039d\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03b2\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2 <em>langue d\u2019oc<\/em>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\/\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 <em>chanson de croisade<\/em>, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03cd\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2-\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 12\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 Peire Vidal, Gaucelm Faidit, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Arnaut de Mareuil, \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03bf Raimbaut de Vaqueiras, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac <strong>[3]<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Raimbaut de Vaqueiras<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">O Raimbaut de Vaqueiras \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Orange \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u0388\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1180 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf 1207. \u0389\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u0386\u03bb\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Malaspina \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_38534\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38534\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38534\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=300%2C257&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=300%2C257&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=768%2C658&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=370%2C317&amp;ssl=1 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=270%2C231&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=570%2C489&amp;ssl=1 570w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?resize=740%2C634&amp;ssl=1 740w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._854_fol._75v_-_Raimbaut_de_Vaqueiras_1.jpg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-38534\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raimbaut de Vaqueiras Ms F.Fr<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 <em>vida<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>[4]<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 35 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03ce\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf Kalenda maya, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5, \u0392\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1204 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1207 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f Raimbaut \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf 1207 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf, plahn, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Raimbaut \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf Ms R (Paris, Biblioth\u00e8que nationale de France, f. fr. 22543).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 Valen marquis \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae, \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 1-2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Valen marques, senher de Monferrat, a Dieu grazisc quar vos a tant onrat<\/em><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<br \/>\n<em>\u0386\u03be\u03b9\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5, \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0398\u03b5\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf <em>\u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/em> (\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 36), \u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u0392\u03bb\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 <strong>[5]<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039b\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 34), \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u039b\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039b\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03b8\u03b5\u03af), \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1. \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 1204-05, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03c5\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<strong> [6]<\/strong> \u0399\u03c3\u03b1\u03ac\u03ba \u0386\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b2\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03b8\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 31-38<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Maynt fort castel e mainta fort ciutat,<br \/>\nmaint bel palaitz ai ab vos azeguat,<br \/>\nemperador e rey et amirat<br \/>\ne.l sevasto Lasquar e.l proestrat<br \/>\nel Peitr&#8217; assis, e maint&#8217; autra postat.<br \/>\nEt encaussei ab vos a Filopat<br \/>\nl&#8217;emperador, qu&#8217;avetz dezeretat,<br \/>\nde Romania, e l&#8217;autre coronat.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7<br \/>\n<em>\u039c\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u039b\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03be\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0399\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf, S<em>eigner Coine, jois e pretz et amors.<\/em> \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <em>partimen<\/em>, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf <strong>[7]<\/strong> Conon de B\u00e9thune (1150-1219\/20). \u039f Conon \u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae. \u0388\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <em>chanson de croisade<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 <em>Ara pot hom conoisser<\/em> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cuich morir sols ab tot&#8217; autra compaigna<br \/>\n\u03a6\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b3\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf 1207.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Raimbaut <em>No m\u2019 agrad\u2019 iverns ni pascors<\/em> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <em>sirventes<\/em> <strong>[8]<\/strong> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf 1205 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7, \u03c9\u03c2 Salanicx, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Elias Cairel<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 Elias Cairel \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Sarlat, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Perigord, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf 1202 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 1224.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_38535\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-38535\" style=\"width: 225px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-38535\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._12473_fol._91_-_Elias_Cairel_2.jpg?resize=225%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._12473_fol._91_-_Elias_Cairel_2.jpg?resize=225%2C300&amp;ssl=1 225w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._12473_fol._91_-_Elias_Cairel_2.jpg?resize=270%2C359&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/BnF_ms._12473_fol._91_-_Elias_Cairel_2.jpg?w=335&amp;ssl=1 335w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-38535\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elias Cairel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f Elias Cairel \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1202 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1208\/10 <strong>[9]<\/strong>. \u0388\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039b\u03bf\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03af\u03b1. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 vida \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 <strong>[10]<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03c1 <strong>[11]<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u039a\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Raimbaut de Vaqueiras \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Elias Cairel \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03bf\u03bc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Ara non vei \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 <em>terra grega<\/em> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <em>ma domna<\/em>:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Ara non vei puoi in comba<\/em><br \/>\n<em>On fuolha ni flors paresca,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Mas le blanca neu que tresca<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Mesclad\u2019 ab ven et ab ploia<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Per qu\u2018 ieu ai talan que fassa<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Saber lai en terra grega,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>tal vers que ma domn\u2019 entenda,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>don vuolh ma razo soissebre<\/em><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7:<br \/>\n<em>\u03a4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03cc\u03c6\u03bf, \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03b3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf \u03c7\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b7.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <em>sirventes Por cai la fuohla del garric<\/em>, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 33-36, o Cairel \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 <em>Lo reiesme de Salonic<\/em>, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2: <em>Ses peirier e ses manganel.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf <em>Estat ai dos ans<\/em> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03b4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, <em>chanson de croisade<\/em>, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Coine, \u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 Conon de B\u00e9thune. \u03a4\u03bf\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf Raimbaut, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 <em>N\u2019 Elias Cairel de l\u2019 amor<\/em> \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1204 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf <strong>[12]<\/strong> \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Isabella <strong>[13]<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 13\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Raimbaut \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Cairel, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 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\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf 1207, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c0\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b1 Biandrante \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u0395\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf. \u0393\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 Cairel, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03c9\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c6\u03b5\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a6\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u00ab\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0398\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>1.<\/strong> \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u0391\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2: <em>\u0397 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>, \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u038a\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd (\u0395.\u0399.\u0395.). \u0399\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, 2008, \u03c3. 401-412.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>2.<\/strong> \u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 413.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>3.<\/strong> Elizabeth Aubrey, <em>The music of the troubadours<\/em>, 1996, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>4.<\/strong> \u0397<em> vida<\/em> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>5.<\/strong> \u0393\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03c6\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>6.<\/strong> \u0397 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 Romania. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>7.<\/strong> O\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 <em>langue d\u2019 oc,<\/em> \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u0392\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 <em>langue d\u2019oil.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>8.<\/strong> \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0392\u03bb. \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <em>sirventes<\/em> \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Elias Cairel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>9.<\/strong> Hilde Jaeschke, <em>Der trobador Elias Cairel<\/em>, 1921, \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb. 8.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>10.<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<em> vida<\/em>, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b7\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u2026 <em>e fetz se joglars et anet gran temps per lo mon, mas mout cantava mal e mal trobava e mal viulava e pieitz parlava, mas ben escriva motz e sos. En Romania estet lonc temps, e quan s\u2018 en partic, el s\u2018 en tornet a Sarlat e lai moric.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>11.<\/strong> \u039f \u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 <em>jogleur<\/em> (\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb.) \u03ae <em>joculatores<\/em> (\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4.) \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>12.<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 tenso.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>13.<\/strong> \u0397 \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 Isabella \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Cairel. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u0395\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ae \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u2e19\u2e19\u2e19<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">[\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u00a0<em>\u03a6\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c1<\/em>. \u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03b4\u03bf\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/mag.frear.gr\/\"><strong>\u03b5\u03b4\u03ce<\/strong><\/a>.]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lo reiesme de Salonic Ses peirier e ses manganel Pogratz aver e maint castel D\u2019 autres qu\u2019 ieu no mentau ni dic. Elias Cairel, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 13\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 H 4\u03b7 \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03c5\u03b6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a4\u03bf \u039c\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1201 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 Thibaud III de Champagne (\u0398\u03b5\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 o 3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":38536,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[1],"tags":[32,4592],"class_list":["post-38531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-featured","tag-4592"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/expo-troubadours.jpg?fit=1743%2C1166&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p425y9-a1t","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38531"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38538,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38531\/revisions\/38538"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/38536"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}