{"id":37973,"date":"2026-02-23T21:16:14","date_gmt":"2026-02-23T19:16:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/?p=37973"},"modified":"2026-02-23T21:16:14","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T19:16:14","slug":"%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%b2%ce%bb%ce%ad%ce%bc%ce%bc%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85-%cf%86%cf%8c%ce%b2%ce%bf%cf%85-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%cf%83%cf%89%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%81%ce%af%ce%b1%cf%82-%cf%84%cf%81%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/?p=37973","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5 \u2013 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03a4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0398\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0398\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u2014\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b9. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03c9 \u2014\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce. \u039a\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b9\u03c9\u03c0\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9: \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5. \u039f \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf. \u039f \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf. \u039a\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bf \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u2014\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b2\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 Jaak Panksepp\u00b9 \u03ad\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1: \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u2014\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03ae \u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u2014 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03bf, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b6\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f Panksepp \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf \u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5: \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (SEEKING), \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae (RAGE), \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf (FEAR), \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 (LUST), \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 (CARE), \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03bb\u03af\u03c8\u03b7 (PANIC\/GRIEF), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 (PLAY).\u00b2<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf \u2014\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03c2 \u2014\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf Panksepp, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03ad\u03bb\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.\u00b2 \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u2014\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03ce\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u2014\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u2014\u03bf \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2\u2014 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: \u0396\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u038c\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u2014\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b6\u03ae\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u2014\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac.\u00b3 \u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03ae\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.\u2074 \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u2014\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u2014 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b9\u03c9\u03c0\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03af. \u039f Marc Bekoff, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03c9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf.\u2075<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03cc: \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2; \u039f Frans de Waal, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b6\u03ae\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03cc\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2: \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u00ab\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03ac\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u00bb \u2014\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af.\u2076 \u0397 \u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2: \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5. \u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u2014\u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u2014 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b6\u03ce\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b7\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1. \u0396\u03ce\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf, \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u2014\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03b9\u03ac\u2014 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7. \u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c7\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf,\u00b2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u2014\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f Panksepp \u03bc\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u00ab\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u00bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2.\u00b2 \u0391\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039f \u03c3\u03ba\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ae\u03b3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u2014\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9. \u039c\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03cd\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7. \u039c\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u2014\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0&#8217; \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u2014\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u00ab\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf;\u00bb \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u2014\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7, \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u2014\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b9 Jaak Panksepp (1943\u20132017): \u0395\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u00ab\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2\u00bb, \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039f\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039f\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03b3\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a8\u03c5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Bowling Green State University.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b2 Panksepp, J. (1998). <em>Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions<\/em>. Oxford University Press. \/ Panksepp, J. &amp; Biven, L. (2012). <em>The Archaeology of Mind<\/em>. W.W. Norton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00b3 Harris, C. R., &amp; Prouvost, C. (2014). Jealousy in dogs. <em>PLoS ONE<\/em>, 9(7), e94597. \/ Abdai, J. et al. (2018). Investigating jealous behaviour in dogs. <em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 8, 8911.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2074 Webb, C. E. et al. (2020). Jealous behavior in chimpanzees elicited by social intruders. <em>Affective Science,<\/em> 1(4), 199\u2013207.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2075 Bekoff, M. (2000). Animal emotions: Exploring passionate natures. <em>BioScience<\/em>, 50(10), 861\u2013870.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2076 de Waal, F. B. M. (1997). Are we in anthropodenial? <em>Discover<\/em>, 18(7), 50\u201353.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u2e19\u2e19\u2e19<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">[\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u00a0<em>\u03a6\u03c1\u03ad\u03b1\u03c1.\u00a0<\/em>\u0396\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: \u00a9Felice Casorati \u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/mag.frear.gr\/\"><strong>\u03b5\u03b4\u03ce<\/strong><\/a>.]<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_37975\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-37975\" style=\"width: 960px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-37975 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=770%2C970&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"970\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=238%2C300&amp;ssl=1 238w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=813%2C1024&amp;ssl=1 813w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=768%2C967&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=370%2C466&amp;ssl=1 370w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=270%2C340&amp;ssl=1 270w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=570%2C718&amp;ssl=1 570w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/William-Vanderson2.jpeg?resize=740%2C932&amp;ssl=1 740w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-37975\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1: William Vanderson<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03ce \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03b6\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0398\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0398\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u2014\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":37974,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[20],"tags":[32,4537],"class_list":["post-37973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-20","tag-featured","tag-4537"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/frear.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/Felice-Casorati-TuttArt@-32.jpg?fit=977%2C902&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p425y9-9St","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37973"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37976,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37973\/revisions\/37976"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/37974"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37973"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/frear.gr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}